Стратегія енергетичної безпеки в умовах воєнного стану: екологічні ризики та напрями їх правового врегулювання

Богдан Суржок
Анотація

Метою роботи було обґрунтування правових механізмів забезпечення енергетичної безпеки в умовах воєнного стану з урахуванням екологічних ризиків для формування комплексної стратегії, орієнтованої на сталий розвиток. Дослідження здійснювалось із застосуванням системно-структурного, компаративного, формально-юридичного та історико-правового методів. У ході дослідження систематизовано екологічні наслідки руйнування енергетичної інфраструктури України внаслідок російської агресії через розробку комплексної методології оцінки енергетично-екологічних збитків в умовах воєнного стану. Створено класифікацію екологічних витрат війни за п’ятьма категоріями з монетарною оцінкою загальною вартістю понад 200 мільярдів доларів Сполучених Штатів Америки: парникові гази від бойових дій та реконструкції становлять 42,6 мільярда доларів, пожежі спричинені війною – 9,1 мільярда доларів, токсичні осади після підриву Каховської гідроелектростанції – 31,5 мільйона доларів, будівельні відходи та уламки – 140 мільярдів доларів, забруднені та заміновані землі – 9-10 мільярдів доларів. Проведено порівняльний аналіз впливу воєнних конфліктів на енергетичні системи у чотирьох регіонах світу, який виявив еволюційну трансформацію компенсаційних механізмів від успішного кувейтського прецеденту з 94 % виплаченими коштами до неефективних сучасних механізмів без жодної виплати, що підтвердило критичну залежність результативності від рівня міжнародної політичної підтримки. Створено порівняльну матрицю міжнародних прецедентів, яка продемонструвала еволюцію міжнародно-правових механізмів від фрагментарного реагування до системних компенсаційних інститутів з розширенням суб’єктного складу відповідальності. Виявлено типологічні закономірності застосування міжнародно-правових інструментів компенсації, зокрема встановлено пряму кореляцію між ефективністю компенсаційних процедур та рівнем міжнародної політичної підтримки. Результати дослідження концептуалізували формування нової парадигми національної безпеки, що базується на синергетичному поєднанні енергетичних та екологічних правових механізмів у контексті сталого розвитку

Ключові слова

екоцид; компенсаційні механізми; міжнародне гуманітарне право; екосистемні втрати; парникові гази; відновлювальне правосуддя

ЦИТУВАТИ
Surzhok, B. (2026). Energy security strategy under martial law: Environmental risks and areas of their legal regulation. Law. Human. Environment, 17(2), 28-53. https://doi.org/10.31548/law/2.2026.28
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